Conservation vs Preservation - 960 Words

Conservation Versus Preservation Today, millions of acres of land in our nation have been fortunate enough to not be disrupted by the touch of man. Around the nation it is also always on debate about using the natural resources of those untouched lands to benefit the economy and man in some way. However, there are many who oppose doing this and there are also those who believe we should harness those resources, but in a way that is not damaging. These two beliefs are called conservation and preservation and are very different in the way people look at the land. Preservation refers to leaving the land and all the natural wildlife and plant life alone and not disturbing the natural beauty and natural cycle of life in the environment.†¦show more content†¦Silverstein (2012), â€Å"Democrats on the House Committee on Natural Resources, however, are taking a high-profile position in opposition to what they say are watered-down rules that allow natural gas producers to avoid publicly disclosing the chemicals the y use to drill† (para. 4). Preserving what natural land we have left now is very important and we should not let it be destroyed or even altered even the slightest in anyway. We have national forests like Bridger-Teton to remind us of what the world use to be like to ensure that we maintain a healthy environment for the nation. Simply conserving them is not enough; we need to preserve them for generations to come so that wildlife may flourish and so that we are always reminded of how important our natural environment is. References Dayton, K. (2012, June 4). Public weighs in on Bridger-Teton National Forest drilling proposal. Star-Tribune. Retrieved from http://trib.com/news/state-and-regional/public-weighs-in-on-bridger-teton-national-forest-drilling-proposal/article_58e689c2-a8dd-51a4-967b-a52acccd3428.html Gas 2. (2013). Retrieved from http://gas2.org/2013/09/20/fracking-george-washington-national-forest/ Silverstein, K. (2013). Forbes. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/kensilverstein/2013/09/06/obama-trying-to-escape-political-fallout-from-natural-gas-fracking-proposals/ United States Department ofShow MoreRelatedConservation vs. Preservation894 Words   |  4 PagesConservation Versus Preservation Letter to the Editor NAME SCI/275 Environmental Science February 10, 2013 Instructor Name Letter to the Editor Dear Editor, I am writing to you in regard to the Bridger -Teton National Forest. It is â€Å"the largest intact ecosystem in the lower 48 United States. Offering nearly 1.2 million acres of designated Wilderness, over 3,000 miles of road and trail and thousands of miles of unspoiled rivers and streams.† (USDA Forest Service) I amRead MoreConservation vs. Preservation Essay811 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Conservation vs Preservation SCI/275 03/09/14 Peter Kennedy Dear Editor, I am writing to you today because of the Bridger Teton National Forest. I am reaching out to you and appealing to you as a conservationist. I believe that this large area of land can be very useful because of the resources it can provide. It can provide gas and oil so this way we don’t have to be dependent on it from others around the world. We don’t have to rely on foreign sources when itRead MoreThe Bald Eagle And Amur Leopard3039 Words   |  13 Pagesanimal population decline. Progression could be the biggest factor to the endangerment and extinction of different species. Construction and manufacture destroys their habitats, which causes the species to migrate to another habitat. The safety and preservation of endangered and threatened species improved when legislature and the world took a stand to protect their beloved animals. The Endangered Species Act of 1973, or ESA, was a law passed by Congress on December 28, 1973 for the protection of threatenedRead MoreForest Conservation Research Paper1116 Words   |  5 PagesThe Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a program administered by the Farm Service Agency (FSA) under the United States Department of Agriculture. The United States Department of Agriculture was created by President Abraham Lincoln, the U.S.D.A was originally created to do research. The Hatch Act further expanded the powers and funding of the U.S.D.A.. According to Free Agriculture Restore Markets (2017) â€Å"today the USDA governs the way millions of Americans are fed daily, controls what foodRead MoreHunting : An Effective Tool For Wildlife Management And Preservation Of Wildlife1577 Words   |  7 Pagesthe management and preservation of wildlife not only through the hunting itself, but also by the money generated by hunters that is used for this purpose. Hunting has existed si nce the dawn of time and continues to play a key role in providing people with the food they need to survive. Hunting plays many important roles in our world and has been a very effective tool for wildlife management and hopefully will continue to be. Hunting plays a vital role in the conservation of wildlife. ManyRead More Christians and the Environment Essays1243 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ever-increasing pollution, the deforestation, and the threat of nuclear waste. Taking responsibility for the environment is a duty that Christians should commit to. In fact, Christians should lead the world in taking specific actions in the preservation and restoration of the environment. Some environmentalists have blamed Christianity for the abuse of the environment. The 1967 article by Lynn White suggests that Christianity’s theology of the domination of creation is based on the premise thatRead MoreThe Between Humans And Animals1461 Words   |  6 Pages often even more than conservation organizations themselves. Without commercial hunting, there would be few, if any at all, â€Å"publicly owned land to hike, bike, bird-watch, dog-walk, horseback ride, or generally gambol around on if regulated hunting did not exist† (Amrhein, n.d.). The funds taken in from hunting license fees pay for the vast amounts of land that contribute to animal conservation. Oddly enough, outdoor huntsman are actually the primary source of conservation funding by far in the UnitedRead MoreThe Case Of Minnesota Vs. Mille Lacs Band Of Ojibwes1618 Words   |  7 Pageson the majority and minority Supreme Court opinions in the 1998 case of Minnesota vs. Mille Lacs Band of Ojibw es, as well as how this case confirmed the 1837 treaty rights of the Wisconsin Chippewa bands. After the book has been published, a lot of arguments occurred, leading up to the cause in 1998. The first part of this introduction will include a brief overview of the years, leading up to the case of Minnesota vs. Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwes, in 1998. In 1990, the Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa IndiansRead MoreRight For Hunt Vs. Animal Rights955 Words   |  4 PagesRight to Hunt vs. Animal Rights On the topic of Animal Rights, subjects such as hunting can be addressed clearly as an unnecessary sport by many animal rights groups, however Jim Amrhein of The Daily Reckoning has brought to light many valuable points on the right to hunt. According to the Daily Reckoning website, the publication is a daily stock market observation stressing the economy, world politics, and travel. Mr. Amrhein reveals various statistics not only for the right to hunt, but also factsRead MoreWater Scarcity in Michigan Essay example688 Words   |  3 PagesHouse Bill 6443 was introduced in 2010 to keep well water withdrawal from being taxed, but â€Å"instead, an owner would have to get permission from the state to use well water† (House Bill 6443, 2010). The intention of this bill was to encourage water conservation without taxing the private use of water. Within the bill it says to also refer to bill 5319 which â€Å"gives a property owner a right to the reasonable use of ground water, to the extent this does not diminish the ability of neighbors to obtain water†

Thesis on Marketing Unhealthy Food for Children - 615 Words

There is presently much controversy regarding the idea of unhealthy foods and how companies shamelessly market these products to children. Individuals in the food and beverage industry constantly promote the belief that they are actively involved in providing society with important information concerning what is healthy and what is not. Moreover, most promote their products as having no negative effects on individuals who consume them, as doing otherwise would surely reflect badly on their businesses. It is generally known that children are vulnerable because they have very little experience in filtering information and food companies take advantage of this by introducing diverse methods to promote their products even with the fact that it is likely for children to get sick as a consequence. Many influential bodies in the food industry openly exploit children by presenting them with alluring commercials in an attempt to get them to develop interest in certain products. Advertising directed to children, particularly on television, is heavily populated by commercials for foods that pose adiposity and related health risks for children when consumed in abundance (Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth 2 301). Taking this into account, it would appear that the social order is practically being forced to stand by and watch as children are used as a tool to sell products. While it is surely troubling to acknowledge that children are being used as aShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity663 Words   |  3 PagesA. Thesis Statement Obesity can happen to anyone for many reasons and it can be reversed many different ways. There are several causes for obesity in America, including fast- food restaurants and their marketing, hereditary obesity, and people reacting to the stereotypes in the media that you must be beautiful to be accepted. A. Supporting Evidence More and more Americans are becoming obese every single day. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“More than half of Americans are overweight, including 1 out of 5 children. NearlyRead MoreMarketing Food for Children: Healthy Food Versus Junk Food1115 Words   |  5 PagesThought for food. Healthy food versus Junk food We are what we eat! Fast food eto eda dlya vreda! Topic: (lets think of nice topic, if this is not good) Marketing food for children: Healthy food versus Junk Food Thesis: The marketing of junk food to children is harmful and should be restricted because children lack  of ability to independently  make  informed and practical  nutrition decisions that lead to sound long-term eating habits. Nowadays children are growing up in a junk-food world. ToRead MoreMarketing For Children s Brand Preferences1990 Words   |  8 Pages Marketing to children Name: Avishan Rafati Date: July 26/2016 Professor: Dr. Timothy MacNeill Course code: SOCI 1000 Marketers spend huge amounts of dollars a year globally persuading individuals into consumer lifestyles that has had consequences of wastefulness and buying things we do not need (Beder, 1998). Advertisements exploit people’s securities, create false needs and offer dishonest solutions. The bottom line of advertisements is the creation of dissatisfaction to causeRead MoreShould Parents Loose Custody Of Their Extremely Obese Kids? Essay1203 Words   |  5 PagesThesis: Bonnie Rochman argues that for the well-being of children the state should take them into their care, but Mike Adams states that for the well-being of children the government itself must make changes; it is clear that both the people and the government must change to help the children of today produce a healthy and happy environment. I. In the article, â€Å"Should parents loose custody of their extremely obese kids?†, Bonnie Rochman’s (2011) opinion states that obese children should be takenRead More2.08 body paragraph Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagessmoother than all other cars in its category         Yes, because it reviewed almost everything on the car and it told me the negatives and positives of it.          Internet link to the advertisement   http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8m5St2H7Cb0 A food or beverage   that seems healthy   This document uses logos by explaining that yogurt can help against gum disease.         This document uses pathos by saying that by consuming yogurt it boosts health and your immune system. This has to make someoneRead MoreThe Long Term Nature Of Health Choice Interventions1532 Words   |  7 Pagesthe data needs, organizational and demonstrating challenges and policy fact issues. These research challenges, could further enhance nutrition and obesity, economic studies that can be used to project and implement effective policy interventions. Thesis statement: A key challenge is to determine the long-term nature of health choice interventions, which makes it difficult to obtain rational solutions to America’s obesity problems. As an example, health beliefs are characterized by an individualRead MoreEating Environments Contribute to Obesity1692 Words   |  7 PagesFood and eating environments contribute to the increase in cases of not only obesity also chronic diseases.Its a basic necessity of a child in their growing age to have a nutritious and healthy deit because of its delicious taste. However as it has been witness eating habits have shifted alaramingly over the last couple of decades. Fast foods such as burgers, pizzas,subways and many more are now commonly consumed foods in almost every household all over Pakistan now. Such foods originated in theRead MoreMarketing Assignment3297 Words   |  14 PagesMarketing plan A/Executive summary In the context of economy, people are busier. Some people don’t have enough time to prepare meals at home; fast food may be one of the best choices instead of going expensive restaurant. Therefore, the company is going to open a fast food restaurant in Hanoi. The company buys a fast-food franchise of McDonald. McDonald’s corporation is the world’s largest chain of fast food restaurants; the company sells hamburgers, French fries, chicken, etc. There are manyRead MoreFactors Contributing Factors That Causes Obesity Among Children Essay1364 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the causes of obesity among children in New Zealand? Introduction Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that occurs when a child is well above the normal weight for his or her age and height (Mayo Clinic, 2014). According to Sameera and Amar childhood obesity is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally, which arises because of the differences in lifestyle consequences among different cultural people in New Zealand (2012). This abnormality can cause various healthRead MoreJunk Foods And Childhood Obesity1916 Words   |  8 Pages Junk Foods Bongbong Alfaro DeVry University Prewriting What is your narrowed topic? Be detailed in your answer. You can use any of the versions you’ve developed for prior assignments. Junk Foods are huge contributor to obesity and other diseases. Who is your primary audience or reader? Why? Be detailed in your answer about your audience. Young or old, rich or poor are the primary audience in my topic because they are the consumers who been deceived by companies that misleading

Impact of Parenting Style on Adolescent Development Free Essays

In today’s society, the development of adolescence is a significant matter. In previous generations, self-discipline and strict obedience was critical; â€Å"The style of parenting practiced in the past was seen as critical to provide children with the self-discipline required by societies in which strict obedience to authority was expected from citizens,† (Holloway, 2003, p. 314). We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Parenting Style on Adolescent Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Authoritarian parenting style was the most common. According to Holloway, 2003, the parenting style is highly influential to an adolescent’s behaviour, in the new generation.There are three basic styles of parenting; authoritative, authoritarian and permissive style. These styles have positive and negative aspects. Authoritative parenting is viewed to be a well-balanced style, â€Å"characterized by warmth, support, acceptance, and indirect positive control of the children,† (Holloway, 2003, p. 321). However, authoritarian style is more parental control and uses punishments. It is still a common form of parenting used in today’s generation. It is distinguished by harsh discipline, rigidity, and perfectionism, which rather continues to affect the children adversely.In contrast, permissive parenting is a very negligent style. The parents do not take a big role in the child’s life. Children raised by permissive parents tend to be more irresponsible, impulsive, and immature. All of these three parenting styles may have negative impacts on adolescence, and â€Å"they can all cause problematic behaviours,† (Ambert, 2007). Of the three styles, authoritarian parenting is the most ineffective method of child rearing because it creates problematic behaviours such as rebellion, aggression, and low self-esteem in adolescents. Dr.Anne-Marie Ambert, 2007, carefully analyzed different problematic behaviours during certain periods of a lifetime. She remarked that there’s been a gradual increase in the number of adolescents exhibiting problematic behaviours. Such behaviours leave a big impact on the families and the society, but ironically, it is also the reverse. The causes of problematic behaviours, such as rebellion, are the parental controls of these adolescents. Rebellion goes under the category of negative and disruptive acts and traits. Low impulse control, lying, temper tantrums, talking back, poor academic performances, are examples of rebellion. Adolescence is a stage of child development growing into adulthood. In this stage, the child experiences biological, cognitive, and emotional changes. Their development of identity is governed by the question of â€Å"who am I? † In the minds of these adolescents, the respect and discipline is not encouraged, and rather they want to be independent and separated from any authority figures. It is the parents’ role to guide and support the child’s development effectively. However, excessive parental control may misguide the child’s development and the child may create negative feelings against the parent or any authority figures.These negative feelings gradually build up, and as more pressure is applied, it leads to rebellion. The adolescents desire independence, self-control and individuation. Parental control ranges from excessive to insufficient control, and researches have been made throughout the past to distinguish the different forms. Steinberg, 1990, stated that the primary distinctions are between psychological control and behavioral control. Psychological control negatively affects children’s psychological world through the parents’ attempts to control the children. The psychological control undermines psychosocial development by interfering with children’s ability to become independent and develop a healthy sense of self and personal identity,† (Steinberg, 1990). In contrast, behavioral control refers to the rules, regulations, and restrictions that parents have for their children. Diana Baumrid described the different parenting styles and state that authoritative parents, who have firm rules for their children’s behavior, use a great deal of behavioral control but little psychological control.In contrast, authoritarian parents use both. This proves that authoritarian parenting use excessive control which could lead to excessive rebellion of the child. Severe rebellion would lead to the next following category of problematic behaviours, aggression. Aggression is the second level of problematic behaviours. Ambert, 2007, observed the aggressive acts, such as fighting, which leads to intimidation, harassment and delinquency, such as sexual assaults, murder, drugs, shoplifting, use of alcohol, etc. These problematic behaviours also negatively affect the society.Its impact would be much more extreme than those of rebellion. Adolescents may tend to express their anger through aggression, resulting from the stress they receive from their parents. This is a form of displacement and/or projection, as described in Sigmund Freud’s theory of defense mechanism. ‘Overly harsh parenting, often leads to aggressive behavior in children, leading children to join antisocial peer groups, further heightening their aggressiveness. This, in turn, may provoke harsher parenting, leading to further aggressiveness in the child, and so on,† (Steinberg, 1990).As the adolescents portray these certain behaviours, the authoritarian parents would force physical punishments, which may also be a form of aggression. Such punishments would strongly influence adolescents to be aggressive as well. â€Å"In a study, Duman Margolin (2007) analyze children’s interpretation of their parents’ interpersonal perspective, principally their parents’ aggression. Historically, there is the suggestion that parent’s aggression can affect the children’s own social problem-solving proficiency,† (Lamprecht, 200 7). This is a partial reason to why physical punishment is not recommended in today’s North American society.Aggression should not be used as the form of a conflict resolution. Adolescents do not exhibit aggressive problematic behaviours because they’re not aware of the disciplines; they do so because they use it as a form of rebellion towards their parents, and a displacement of their stress and anger from their parents. â€Å"Research has shown that aspects of children’s behavior and psychological development are linked to the style of parenting with which they have been raised,† (Steinberg, 1990). Low self-esteem is another impact of authoritarian parenting. Children who experience this type of parenting feel rejected by their parents. Children raised by authoritarian parents tend to have more problems with psychological adjustment,† (Holloway, 2003). In other words, adolescents feel neglected by their parents. â€Å"Most definitions of self-esteem share a common theme of self-evaluation, and indeed many researchers define self-esteem as evaluative beliefs about one’s self,† (Gecas, 1971; 1972; Kawash, Kerr, Clewes, 1985; Openshaw, Thomas, Rollins, 1981). Adolescence is a critical stage in which a child develops their identity.They need the well-balanced support and the ability to be independent. Authoritarian parents rather forces punishment on their child, leaving the child to feel insecure and self-critical, and weaken their self-confidence. This would result in difficult adaptation to the society. Parents and family is one of the agents of socialization, and it is the important factor in the stage of adolescence. Moderate discipline promotes self-esteem, whereas â€Å"many argue that excessive parental control (discipline) is linked to low self-esteem,† (Litovsky Dusek, 1986; Openshaw et al. 1984). In conclusion, adolescence is the most important and difficult stage of parenting, and their roles are significant in the child’s development. It is the stage on child development, marking the turning point in the parent-child relationship. Also, it is the most important stage to develop one’s identity. â€Å"Of the many different relationships we form over the course of the life span, the relationship between parent and child is among the most important,† (Steinberg, 1990). How does the parent-child relationship change during adolescence?Which types of discipline are most effective? These are some of the questions that theorists and researchers examine in child development. As mentioned before, of the three types of parenting styles, authoritarian is the most ineffective. â€Å"Research shows that over time, adolescents who have been reared authoritatively continue to show more success in school, better psychological development, and fewer behavior problems than their counterparts from other types of homes,† (Steinberg, 1990).It is very important that parents meet the child’s desires under certain limits in order to maintain a good parent-child relationship. Parents must understand that their child is going through the phase of identifying themselves and gradually go through adolescence into the adulthood. Parents should assist their children in their development, with the awareness of their children’s cognitive and emotional changes, rather than forcing and demanding them to meet the parents’ expectations. How to cite Impact of Parenting Style on Adolescent Development, Papers

World Civilization and History

Question: Describe about the Comparison between the Byzantine Empire and Mongolian Empire? Answer: Introduction World history has witnessed the rise and fall of a number of large, medium and small empires. Among those empires the researcher here opts for two of the very influential empires the Byzantine Empire and the Mongolian Empire for a comparative study. On one hand, the Byzantine Empire which is also known as the Eastern Roman Empire was dominated by the Greek speaking population of the eastern part of the Roman Empire. This empire was dominant during the middle ages and the Late Antiquity (ArieÃÅ'â‚ ¬s Duby, 1987). This empire survived during the 5th century fragmentation and also the fall of the Western Roman Empire and it further continued to survive for almost another thousand years till it was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 (Gibbon Low, 1960). During the existence of this empire, it was generally extremely powerful and in every aspect including economic, cultural or military forces in Europe (Franzius, 1967). On the other hand, the Mongolian Empire existed during the 13th and 14th centuries. This empire is considered to be largest contiguous land empire in the entire history. The empire extended from the steppes of Central Asia moved across the Central Europe till the Sea of Japan. It further extended across Siberia in the north, the Indian subcontinent, Iranian Plateau in the east and the south and towards the west it extended till Arabia. Comparison between the Byzantine Empire and the Mongolian Empire There are a number of strategies that both these empires undertook in order to create or expand their territories or to maintain or defend their rule. On a closer look it might be observed that there were a few categories under which the two empires namely the Byzantine Empire and the Mongolian Empire were similar. The Creation of the two empires The great civilization of the Byzantine Empire originated during 330 AD. During this time the Roman Emperor Constantine I decided to form a new Rome on the site of the old Greek colony of Byzantium. The term Byzantine was derived from the word Byzantium which was a Greek colony that was founded by a person by the name Byzas. This place was located at the European side of Bosporus which was a strait that linked the Black sea with the Mediterranean. The position of the city of Byzantine was such that it served as the transit point for major continents o Europe and Asia Minor. During 330 A.D. Constantine I who was the Roman Empire at that point of time chose this place as the new capitol as named it as Constantinople (VasilÊÂ ¹ev, 1952). Taking a look at the Mongol Empire, it can be observed that the creation of the Empire was a slow and difficult process which began with the amalgamation of the Mongol and Turkic tribes that inhabited the Mongolian Steppes. In the area of Steppes, Temjin emerged as a very magnetic leader and who gradually gained followers before he became a nkhr (companion or vassal) (Franke Twitchett, 2008). Toghril who was the Khan of the Kereits, was another very dominant tribe in Central Mongolia. With regard to the services of Toghril, the talents of Temjin allowed him to become one of the significant leaders of the Mongol tribes. Ultimately, the increase of power of Temjin gave rise to jealously among the people and finally Temujin and Toghril took different parts and this lead to a battle. This fight became stronger during 1203 and eventually Temjin emerged as a leader. By 1206 Temjin had unified the tribes of Mongolia and formed a single supra-tribe which is called the Khamag Mongol Ulus or the All Mongol State (Allsen, 1997). With the formation of the new state the social structure was reorganized and for that Temjin dissolved the old tribal lines and regrouped them to form an army based on the decimal system. Additionally, Temjin was also successful in instilling a strong sense of discipline into the army. By the end of 1204 Temjin had defeated the main rivals but it was only after 1206 that the followers recognized Temujin as the only ruler and granted him the title of Chenggis Khan. Hence with regard to the creation of the empires there existed a huge dissimilarity between the Byzantine Empire and the Mongolian empire. Nevertheless, there are few strategic similarities between the two empires. The Defense of the two empires When the military tactics of the two empires are followed thoroughly it can be observed that there were quite a few similarities between the two empires (ArieÃÅ'â‚ ¬s Duby, 1987). With regard to the Byzantine Empire it can be observed that this empire always maintained a very high and sophisticated military army that survived from ancient times. This army relied on a number of things for success such as discipline, knowledge of strategies and a very well-organized support system (Franzius, 1967). The very essential part of the maintenance and spread of the experience of the military was the traditional histories along with the various treaties and manuals for practice (Gibbon Low, 1960). This tradition in the military that began during this time was extended back to the Aeneas who was popularly known as the Tactician and the Xenophon. It further extended to the Eastern Roman military manuals which adapted the working of the ancient authors more specifically the works of Aelian and Onasander. The Mongol military tactics and organization enabled the Mongol Empire to conquer nearly all of continental Asia, the Middle East and parts of Eastern Europe. Looking at the Mongolian empire it can be observed that the original basis of the military system of the Mongolian Empire could be considered as the extension of their nomadic style of the Mongolians. There were a number of new elements that was invented by Chenggis Khan and his successors (Franke Twitchett, 2008). New technologies were invented by the rulers to make even more useful attacks on the enemies. Attack fortifications were learnt by the generals and the armies from the different cultures and other foreign technical experts were well-versed with the command structures (Sermier, 2002). During most of the part of the 13th century it was observed that in most of the battles they utilized these strategies and also won most of the battles that they fought using these strategies. They always turned the result of the battles in their favor. Also, it should be noted that in most of the battles that they won the opposite armies were quite large and powerful. Nonetheless, their first defeat took place during the year 1223 at the Battle of Samara Bend in the hands of the Volga Bulgars (Sermier, 2002). Their second defeat came during the Battle of Ain Jalut in the year 1260. This time however, the opposite army was tactically trained by them and they used their tactics against them. The above facts show that both the Byzantine and the Mongolian armies were extremely disciplined and can be compared to the modern day warfare. Both the armies of the two empires understood how to conduct campaigns and avoid fighting individual battles till death. These empires initiated the art of operational techniques however, at that point of time they did not codify the techniques. The Maintenance of the two empires With regard to the maintenance of two empires one very significant similarity between the two empires is that the Byzantines and the Mongols were both great combat engineers. In fact the Romans are considered to be the best combat engineers that the world has ever seen. Another strategic similarity between the two empires is the use of fear. Historians claim that in most cases the Mongolians tried to induce fear into the minds of their enemies. The success of the tactics that the Mongolians generally resorted to was the use of fear that tried to induce capitulation in the population in the enemy land (Allsen, 1997). The Byzantine empire strategies were also similar. However, the inducement of fear was a more natural phenomenon with the enemy states. Due to the fear of the armies of the Byzantine empire most of the enemies lost half their battles before the battle started. Hence these three are the essential strategic similarities between the two great empires that existed in modern history. Conclusion After a brief study of the two empires that existed in history it can be concluded that one very common thing between the two empires other than the strategic similarities were that both the empires were extremely influential. Modern history has been greatly affected by the different techniques and strategies that these two empires have undertaken during their reigns. Nevertheless, if the powers of both the empires were calculated in the situation of a combat between the two empires the chances of the Mongols defeating the Romans were more. This is because the coordination and synchronization of forces among the Mongolians were far stronger as compared to the Roman of the Byzantine forces. References Allsen, T. (1997).Commodity and exchange in the Mongol Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ArieÃÅ'â‚ ¬s, P., Duby, G. (1987).A history of private life. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Franke, H., Twitchett, D. (2008).The Cambridge history of China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Franzius, E. (1967).History of the Byzantine Empire. New York: Funk Wagnalls. Gibbon, E., Low, D. (1960).The decline and fall of the Roman Empire. New York: Harcourt, Brace. Sermier, C. (2002).Mongolia. Hong Kong: Odyssey. VasilÊÂ ¹ev, A. (1952).History of the Byzantine Empire, 324-1453. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

We Provide Exceptional Medical School Essays

The amount of research that you need to undertake to write an impeccable essay cannot be underestimated. You need to dedicate time and energy to do this kind of work. Moreover, the student is expected to handle complicated topics. You are left with no other option but to seek assistance from online agencies that offer help in the biomedical field. You can hire our experts to help you write high-quality medical school essays. Tips on Handling Medical School Application Essay Ensure that you use an acceptable outline for the medical argumentative essay topics. Conventionally, the scholarship essays have three components: introduction, a body with the main arguments and the conclusion. Write a brief introduction giving the reader an overview of what is contained in the whole piece. Wrap up the introduction with a thesis statement which highlights the main ideas in your paper or what the essay is about. Every paragraph in the body of the essay must begin with the main idea. Go on and explain your point and provide the relevant supporting evidence. Do not mix ideas in the same paragraph. Make your ideas flow logically just like in the organized medical school essay example we have on our website. Sticking to the requirements of the topic is important. For instance, it is improper to write on engineering aspects instead of the medical point of view. There are cases where you are likely to be overwhelmed by the need to write about a topic that you feel great passion for instead of looking at the actual content that should be in your admission essay. To ensure that you maintain your focus to the main points, keep laying the keywords and referring back to the main ideas as you write. You can also brainstorm to ensure that you come up with fresh ideas as opposed to looking at previous records in a bid to copy existent essays. As you think of how to write the essay, maintain your calm. It is hard to write comprehensive points for the essay for medical school if you are not relaxed. Do not let your anxiety prevent you from drafting a nice paper. Control the negative thoughts that can stifle your creativity. You can also look at a credible sample to inspire you with the confidence to write. Other Tips from Our Medical School Essay Example Your grammar must be acceptable for your college level. Spelling mistakes prevent you from communicating the message in your essay effectively. Having the ideas is a very important aspect of your writing. However, the ability to write these ideas is even more critical. Make it easy for your readers to get the message in your essay. To improve your language, read widely on medical matters and on technology subjects that are applicable in the medical field. With constant practice, you grasp vocabularies that can help you draft a perfect medical school application essay. Why Customers Think We Have the Best Medical School Essay Editing Service Several papers are usually available online. However, there is a question of plagiarism and quality that you have to deal with. With us, all you need to provide is a proper description of what you need and let our writers do the medical school essay editing at your convenience. The benefits of opting for our services include: Several topics Our experts are knowledgeable in diverse fields and thus can write on a wide range of topics. Besides, we can make amendments to your pre-written paper regardless of your field of study. For instance, we offer the best medical school essay editing service and thus can edit your medical essays to match your requirements. Our program is aimed at solving all your essay needs. High-quality essay on medical ethics The experts prepare your essay from scratch. First, they look at the guidelines you have provided and devote their time to ensure that you get value for your value. Moreover, the paper has to pass through quality checks where the level of plagiarism and the formatting is checked. Our science experts know what you need. Privacy and security guarantee We take care of your personal information as our legal obligation. Moreover, we do not keep the record or any part of the work we deliver to our clients. You are the sole owner of the paper. Order Your Paper Today Let us assist you. Our billing system is transparent. The medical assistant essay examples we have provide the evidence of the quality of our essays. Place your orders and move closer to your academic vision.

How to Patent an Idea in the United States - Overview

How to Patent an Idea in the United States - Overview A US patent for an invention grants property rights to the inventor(s). A US patent can only be issued by the US Patent and Trademark Office aka the USPTO. How to Patent an Idea - US Patent Property Rights The property rights that a US patent gives your invention means the right to prevent others who do not have your permission from making, using, offering for sale, or selling your invention in the United States or importing your invention into the United States. To get a US patent, all applications must be filed in the US Patent and Trademark Office. For more general information about US patents and the operations of the US Patent and Trademark Office. US Patent Application ProcessDifferent US Patent TypesWhere to Get US Patent FormsUsing a Patent Attorney or AgentFile Electronically How to Patent an Idea - Utility Patent Application Utility patents may be granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, article of manufacture, or compositions of matters, or any new useful improvement thereof. DefinitionHow to File For How to Patent an Idea - Design Patent Application Design patents may be granted to anyone who invents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufacture. DefinitionHow to File For How to Patent an Idea - Plant Patent Application Plant patents may be granted to anyone who invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and new variety of plant. DefinitionHow to File For

Intermediate Management Accounting past paper Essay

Intermediate Management Accounting past paper - Essay Example Nevertheless, the target profit margin is seen to rise substantially from a low of -0.004% in year one to 10.25% in year three. (b) Issues facing firms like KZ in making decisions on the costs to cut in order to meet the specified target income level. Costs relevance: It could be difficult for firms like KZ to associate all the costs involved to products. This makes the firm continue incurring costs that do not directly involve production hence eating on the margins. Cost classification: The firm has not classified its costs appropriately. For instance, marketing costs are classified as fixed costs and such costs are required to be consistent with sales made in a given year. In this regard, during year 2 and year 3, KZ sales were the same despite difference in marketing campaign undertaken. The marketing campaign should therefore be consistent with the amounts allocated in a given year. ... 27,000,000 Years Cash inflows in ?’000’ Discounting rates 17% N.P.V Year 0 (27,000) 1 (27,000) Year 1 1,454 0.855 1,243 Year 2 4,009 0.731 2,931 Year 3 3,904 0.624 2,436 Year 4 3,799 0.534 2,029 Total (18,361) Recoveries at the end of year 4: Technology estimated re-sale value – ? 8,000,000 Reimbursement by customers - ? 2,000,000 Total – ? 10,000,000 Net present value of recoveries = 10,000,000 x 0.534 = ? 5,340,000 Total Net Present Value (N.P.V) in ? ‘000’ = (18,361) +5,340 = (13,021) (b) Comment: Investment in the product should not be undertaken since it has a negative NPV. The net present value does not represent a proper assessment of the value of the new product since the objective of calculating NPV is to establish whether the project is viable. Question 11 Roles and limitation of transfer pricing in managing divisional firms Roles Transfer pricing refers to the price at which services or goods are transferred between different units of the same organization. However, the degree in which transfer pricing contributes to firms profitability or covers costs is a matter of policy. The main role of transfer pricing includes optimization of group’s profitability by supporting goal congruence, motivate divisional managers of both buying and selling divisions to engage in business with one another, facilitate realistic performance appraisal of different divisions, preservation of autonomy of divisional managers and also plays a significant role in facilitating decision making. Transfer pricing leads to operation of different division whose profits are assessed separately. The management of a division becomes simpler and coordination of sales, production and pricing decisions are also eased. The principal types of transfer pricing includes: Cost-based

A Surgeon's Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Surgeon's Life - Essay Example A case example of this case was recognized and recorded by Aretaeus of Cappadocia over two thousand years back. Historically, Georges Gilles de la Tourette, a French neurologist was the first person to clinically delineate the syndrome. This syndrome affects the nervous system and the brain and when it does, it alters a person’s reception of activities such as movements and vocalizations. This syndrome has been commonly identified among persons who are aged between 2 to 21 years old. Basically, this disease can be described as one which makes a person do that which is against their will. Those who have been diagnosed of this syndrome are usually accustomed to frequent tics that may be abrupt and purposeless or even the occurrence of vocal sounds that are involuntary but, sudden, recurrent and rapid in parts of the body such as face, head and arms. Subsequently, persons who have this syndrome may exhibit variable expressivity in the expression of the gene as they may be obsessively compulsive or have chronic tic disorders. According to Sacks (2012), the syndrome may be evidenced in anyone regardless of their status. Carl Bennett, as described by Sacks, is a surgeon who he meets in the conference in Boston on Tourette’s syndrome. The syndrome affects Bennett in various dynamics in that, in the conference, he jumped, jerked, and suddenly lunged for the ground. Consequently, he is affected by bizarre tics but, as a result, has learnt to maintain dignity and calm during the moments (Sacks, 2012). Consequently, Dr. Carl Bennett is impacted by this syndrome in the sense that he learns to develop a sense of keenness and attention to detail in every aspect, as witnessed in the encounter in the car when Sacks is driven by Dr. Bennett and shown the surrounding. Additionally, Dr. Bennett is impacted by the syndrome in the sense that he develops a keen and fierce attention to detail, which results from his constant looking below the surface. These are as a result of

Drainage Facility Design for Car Park Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Drainage Facility Design for Car Park - Essay Example A proper drainage facility should be designed to avoid any water logging situation in the park. The runoff from the car park will depend on the rainfall. Rainfall at a point varies significantly with change in season and occurance. Hence, it is utmost important to have sufficient information on the maximum rainfall in the area. By knowing the amount of water coming into the catchment of car park will determine the quantity of water flowing out from it. The water flowing out of the car park will also depend on the type of parking surface, water traps in the parking area and time of concentration. This will greatly influence the water flowing out to the sewers. The water coming into the parking area could be determined by use of various hydrological modelling and it is also possible to develop different scenarios of the same. World is facing serious problems due to changing climate scenario. This change is due to unplanned use of resources and pollution caused due to the same. Changing carbon concentration in atmosphere has affected the climate system. This has also resulted in ever increasing natural disasters throughout the world in the form of earthquakes, cyclones, flood, drought, tsunami etc. The frequency of less probable extreme events has increased and the world is facing serious problems to meet MDG. ... The frequency of less probable extreme events has increased and the world is facing serious problems to meet MDG. With globalization and technological advancement people are looking for coping mechanism to live with the shrinking resource base. A major impact of this climate change has been on the rainfall pattern. The frequency, intensity and duration of the rainfall in many parts of the world have changed significantly in the recent past. Flash floods, acid rains and high intensity rainfall is a unique feature. Surface hydrology depends largely on the precipitation pattern, it is important to estimate forecast to reduce damage. Water harvesting is an effective way to conserve water resources. Runoff from the parking area could be used in many ways. Normally, there is provision to collect this water and divert it into sewer for safe disposal. This water could also be used for storage and recharge purposes in the areas with less rainfall availability. Recharging of the aquifer by use of this water is a good idea. The major task while planning for these systems is to calculate the maximum rainfall for the region. Various methods are used in estimating the probable maximum rainfall for an area. 1. Construction and the use of IDF curves: Intensity-duration-frequency curves are used in determining the intensity of rainfall. It is commonly used to calculate the value of (I) in rational method. These curves are the graphical representation of the probability of occurance of a rainfall of average intensity. The rational method illustrates a proper application of IDF curve. IDF curves should not be used to obtain storm runoff volumes. The Intensity-Duration-Frequency curve is

Effectiveness of Garlic Cloves on Blood Pressure: Research

Effectiveness of Garlic Cloves on Blood Pressure: Research CHAPTER-III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology includes Research approach, Research design, Variables, Description of settings, Criteria for sample selection. It further deals with Description of tool, Content validity, Reliability, Pilot study and Method of data collection. RESEARCH APPROACH An evaluate approach will be considered as an appropriate research approach to evaluate the effectiveness of garlic cloves on Blood pressure among patients with Hypertension. RESEARCH DESIGN The research design used in this study was quasi experimental design. E O1 X O2 C O1 O2 E Experimental group C Control group O1 Pre test O2 Post test X Administration of garlic cloves Variables Independent variable: Garlic Cloves Dependent variable: Blood pressure Description of Setting The study was conducted in primary health centre Rural area Alangium community which is 20km away from Sara Nursing College. In the primary health centre general ward facilities are available the population Alangium community 22,097 among them 12,054 are female, 10,043 are male.it consist of north street, and Muslim street. The people get medical aid from the primary health centre one primary school, and secondary school are there for educational purpose. Water and electricity facilities are available. The common occupation in the village in agriculture most of the people are coolie workers, going for construction work and other include and shop. Study population The population of the study was patients with Hypertension. Sample The Sample for this study was patients with Hypertension attending OPD at PHC, Alangium during the study period and those who meet the inclusive criteria. Sample size The total Sample size was 50.Among them 25 were assigned to experimental group and 25 were assigned to control group as per the convenience of the Researcher. Sampling technique Convenience sampling technique was used for this study. Criteria for sample selection The Sample was selected on the basis of following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria Patient who are between 40 – 60 years of age. Patient who are willing to participate in this study. Both males and Females. Patient with Blood pressure level between 140/90mmHg and 160/100mmHg. Patient who are in anti-hypertensive drugs. Exclusion Criteria Patients with hypertension with other systemic illness. DESCRIPTION OF TOOL Section- A Structured interview schedule for demographic profile Structured interview schedule was used in this tool .It comprised of demographic data such as age, gender, educational status, religion, occupation. No score is given to this demographic profile. The data will be used for descriptive statistics. Section- B Structured interview schedule for Life style Questionnaire A structured interview schedule was used to collect information regarding life style questionnaire such as, duration of illness, history of hospitalization, treatment, dietary pattern, food habits, exercise, recreational activities, family history of hypertension. No score was given in this section and it was used for descriptive analysis. Section- C Observational method to find out blood pressure by using Digital blood pressure monitor. Digital blood pressure monitor was used to assess the blood pressure among patient with hypertension. According to the readings of Digital blood pressure monitor were classified in to normal, pre hypertension, stage I hypertension, stage II hypertension. Based on the category were given. Table 3.1: According to joint national commission VII of early detection and treatment of hypertension, 2003 Blood pressure category Systolic blood pressure mmHg Diastolic blood pressure mmHg Normal And Pre hypertension 120-139 or 80-89 Stage I Hypertension 140-159 or 90-99 Stage II Hypertension ≠¥160 ≠¥100 Content validity Content validity of the tool was obtained on the basis of opinion of medical surgical experts [5 medical surgical nursing specialist,1 medical officer1,1 dietician]. The tool was found valid suggestions were incorporated. Reliability To ensure the reliability of the instrument, blood pressure was checked to 6 patients with hypertension. The reliability of the instrument was established by Inter-rater reliability method and the Karl Pearson coefficient formula was used to find the consistency of the tool.The obtained reliability co-efficient of systolic blood pressure (r=0.8), and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.9) Hence the tool was reliable. Pilot study In order to find out the feasibility and practicably a pilot study was conducted at Sanjay hospital, Palani for a period of 1 week (26.6.2013 to 1.7.2013) 6 patients with hypertension were selected (3 experimental group and 3 control group). Pretest was done for experimental and control group and intervention given for 5 days for experimental group and posttest was done for both groups. The study was found feasible to conduct. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION Ethical consideration; Formal written permission was obtained from the medical officer of primary health centre Alangium. Oral consent of each individual was obtained before the data collection. Period of data collection Data collection was done over a period of 4 weeks from 5.8.2013 to 31.8.2013 DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE The written permission was obtained from the medical officer (Dr.Bharathi) prior data collection. The samples were selected by convenience sampling technique oral permission was obtained from them after explaining the objective of the study. The 50 samples were selected know case of hypertension detected at PHC on the basis of convenience sampling technique. Approximately 8 samples was selected daily and 4 samples was allotted to control group and 4 samples was allotted to experimental group pretest was done for both groups. The researcher checked the blood pressure using Digital blood pressure monitor for both experimental and control group then the researcher daily visited the experimental group in home under the supervision of the researcher 10 grams of garlic cloves was given with after breakfast. For the control group the investigator assessed the blood pressure level and advised to continue the prescribed treatment. Posttest was done on 22 th day for both experimental and contr ol group by using Digital blood pressure monitor. PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The following plans for data analysis were developed. OBJECTIVES STATISTICAL ANALYSIS To assess the pre and post test systolic level of blood pressure among patients with hypertension in experimental group and control group. Descriptive Analysis: frequency distribution , percentage. To assess the pre and post test diastolic level of blood pressure among patients with hypertension in experimental group and control group. Descriptive Analysis: frequency distribution , percentage To compare the pre and post test systolic level of blood pressure among patients with hypertension in experimental group and control group. Descriptive Analysis Inferential statistics: Mean ,Standard deviation ,paired ‘t’test To compare the pre and post test diastolic level of blood pressure among patients with hypertension in experimental group and control group Descriptive Analysis Inferential statistics:Mean,Standard deviation ,paired ‘t’test To evaluate the effectiveness of garlic cloves on reducing the systolic blood pressure among patients with hypertension. Descriptive Analysis Inferential statistics:Mean,Standard deviation ,Independent ‘t’test To evaluate the effectiveness of garlic cloves on reducing diastolic blood pressure among patients with hypertension. Descriptive Analysis Inferential statistics: Mean,Standard deviation ,Independent ‘t’test

Lewis Carrolls Alices Adventures in Wonderland Essay -- Lewis Carrol

Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Introduction There are several reasons why I have chosen the book â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland† as the topic for my term paper. The main reason is that I have been fascinated by Alice’s adventures as a series on TV since I was about six years old. I was curious about the overworked rabbit, racked by brain about how Alice would only be able to reach the golden key on the table and I got even more nervous when I saw the Queen than the Knaves of Hearts did. What I did not understand then was that Alice has fallen asleep in the beginning and all she is experiencing is â€Å"only† a dream. However, my illusion has been destroyed when I first read the book at the age of about 12 and I must admit it was then when I lost some of my fascination for Alice. As I read the book again as a preparation for the Proseminar a few months ago I soon started to focus on a certain aspect which I could not let go of and which brought back my fascination for Alice’s Adventures. It is also the reason I have chosen this topic for my term paper: I am very much interested in the circumstances of the time, in this case the Victorian Age, and the various influences on a person like Lewis Carroll in connection with his ability to create such a powerful, imaginative and attractive idea of a wonderland. I would like to know what kind of person can make up such a story? I have chosen the title â€Å"Inventing Wonderland†, which is the name of a book by Jackie Wullschlà ¤ger, because it precisely expresses the focus of my term paper. I think the reason why I am interested in this aspect is the following: About three years ago I stayed one year as an Au Pair for a family in Rhode Island. It took me a while to discover how to attract the attention of a 4-year-old, his name was Carter, when the situation required it to be calm. But: I placed young Carter as an additional friend of his favourite character Winnie the Pooh in the centre of a new Pooh-plot and tried to invent an exciting story with dangerous adventures as he sat on my lap listening more carefully than he had ever done before. I was successful, but of course and without understatement my stories were not in the least as fanciful and imaginative as Carroll’s, not to mention were they worth publishing. And it was exactly this situation, Carter sitting on my lap, that I ... ... As I have already claimed above, I think it is important get at least some idea of the â€Å"Zeitgeist†, in which a book was written, in order to understand its significance. From my point of view, being interested in the background factors of an author’s life and era not only helps to get a better understanding of the meaning of a book, but it also makes me appreciate it more. I think everyone acts and speaks according to what he or she is influenced by. If this is determining for the value a book is another question, but I think it is important that it is up to everyone if he or she would like to know more about the author. 7. Bibliography Blake, Kathleen. Play, Games, and Sport. The Literary works of Lewis Carroll. London: Cornell University Press. 1974. Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Stuttgart: Reclam, 1984. http://www.alice-in-wonderland.net . 25/01/05 Schwab, Gabriele. The Mirror and the Killer-Queen. Otherness in Literary Language. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. Wullschlà ¤ger, Jackie. Inventing Wonderland. The Lives of Lewis Carroll, Edward Lear, J.M. Barrie, Kenneth Grahame and A.A. Milne. Rev.ed. London: Methuen, 2001. Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Essay -- Lewis Carrol Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Introduction There are several reasons why I have chosen the book â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland† as the topic for my term paper. The main reason is that I have been fascinated by Alice’s adventures as a series on TV since I was about six years old. I was curious about the overworked rabbit, racked by brain about how Alice would only be able to reach the golden key on the table and I got even more nervous when I saw the Queen than the Knaves of Hearts did. What I did not understand then was that Alice has fallen asleep in the beginning and all she is experiencing is â€Å"only† a dream. However, my illusion has been destroyed when I first read the book at the age of about 12 and I must admit it was then when I lost some of my fascination for Alice. As I read the book again as a preparation for the Proseminar a few months ago I soon started to focus on a certain aspect which I could not let go of and which brought back my fascination for Alice’s Adventures. It is also the reason I have chosen this topic for my term paper: I am very much interested in the circumstances of the time, in this case the Victorian Age, and the various influences on a person like Lewis Carroll in connection with his ability to create such a powerful, imaginative and attractive idea of a wonderland. I would like to know what kind of person can make up such a story? I have chosen the title â€Å"Inventing Wonderland†, which is the name of a book by Jackie Wullschlà ¤ger, because it precisely expresses the focus of my term paper. I think the reason why I am interested in this aspect is the following: About three years ago I stayed one year as an Au Pair for a family in Rhode Island. It took me a while to discover how to attract the attention of a 4-year-old, his name was Carter, when the situation required it to be calm. But: I placed young Carter as an additional friend of his favourite character Winnie the Pooh in the centre of a new Pooh-plot and tried to invent an exciting story with dangerous adventures as he sat on my lap listening more carefully than he had ever done before. I was successful, but of course and without understatement my stories were not in the least as fanciful and imaginative as Carroll’s, not to mention were they worth publishing. And it was exactly this situation, Carter sitting on my lap, that I ... ... As I have already claimed above, I think it is important get at least some idea of the â€Å"Zeitgeist†, in which a book was written, in order to understand its significance. From my point of view, being interested in the background factors of an author’s life and era not only helps to get a better understanding of the meaning of a book, but it also makes me appreciate it more. I think everyone acts and speaks according to what he or she is influenced by. If this is determining for the value a book is another question, but I think it is important that it is up to everyone if he or she would like to know more about the author. 7. Bibliography Blake, Kathleen. Play, Games, and Sport. The Literary works of Lewis Carroll. London: Cornell University Press. 1974. Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Stuttgart: Reclam, 1984. http://www.alice-in-wonderland.net . 25/01/05 Schwab, Gabriele. The Mirror and the Killer-Queen. Otherness in Literary Language. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. Wullschlà ¤ger, Jackie. Inventing Wonderland. The Lives of Lewis Carroll, Edward Lear, J.M. Barrie, Kenneth Grahame and A.A. Milne. Rev.ed. London: Methuen, 2001.